Drying apparatus.



H. BOGATY.-

- DRYING APPARATUS.

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DRYING APPARATUS. APPLICATION FILED SEPT. II. IsI.

Patented Mar. 25, 1919.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

H. BOGATY.

DRYING APPARATUS. y APPucAnoN FILED SEPT. H. |918.

Patented Mar. 25, 1919.

4 SHEETS--SHEET 4.

JINI@ ImerdLoJ/y HERMANN BOGATY, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIG-NOR TO THE PHILA-v DELPHIA TEXTILE MACHINERY COMPANY, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, A

CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

DRYING APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Mal'. 25, 1919.

Application led September 11, 1918. Serial No. 253,559.

T0 all whom z't-may concern:

Be it known that I, HERMANN BOGATY, a Citizen of Russia, (having declared my intention of becoming a citizen of the United States,) and! a resident 'of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, have invented certain Improvements in Drying Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

`My invention relates to certain improvements in drying apparatus in which there is a series of drying chambers divided at intervals by curtains so as to make independent heating compartments. Cars are arranged to travel through these chambers lcarrying the material to be dried. The drying apparatus in many instances is of considerable Llength and is divided into a number of heating compartments.

One object of my invention is to provide means for insuring lthe spacing of the cars a sufficient dist-ance apart to allow the curtains to pass down between the cars.

A further .object of the invention is to provide means for allowing the cars to Icome close together -within the di'erent -compartments separated by the curtains, so as to prevent air currents passing around the material at the ends of the car instead of through the material. The invention also relates to `certain improvements which 'will be fully described hereinafter.

In the accompanying drawings Figure l, is a diagrammatic plan view of a drying apparatus showing my improved means for conveying the cars through the drying chambers;

Fig. 2, is a longitudinal sectional view on the line2-2, Fig. l;

Fig. 3, is a view of the receiving end of the apparatus;

Fig. 4, is a longitudinal sectional view, showing more in. detail` the apparatus for conveying the cars through the drying chambers;

Fig. `5, is a sectional View on the line 5 5, Fig. 4;

Fig. 6, is a plan view of the means Jfor driving the several screw shafts for conveying the carriages through the drying chambers;

Fig. 8, is a transverse sectional view on the line 8 8, Fig. 7;

7, is a sectional view on the line 7-7,

Fig. 9, is a transverse sectional view on the line 9 9, Fig. 7;

Fig. 10, is al sectional View on the line 10-10, Fig. 4; and

Fig. 11, is a view illustrating a modified form of pin with which the screws engage.

In the drawings 1 is the casing of the apparatus. 2 is the drying chamber which extends the full lengthof the machine and is divided into sections by transverse curtains 3. There are three of these dividing curtains in the present instance. At the receiving end there is a curtain' 4: and at the discharge end there is a curtain 5. At each side of the drying chamber are the heating chambers 6 extending, in the present instance, the length of the two central drying chambers.

In the partition 7 between the drying chambers and the heating chambers is a series of fans 8, of any suitable construction. These fans cause a circulation of air transversely from one of the heating chambers through the drying chambers to one of the other heating chambers on the opposite side, and the currents of heated air may travel from one side to the other through* out the length of the apparatus, or in certain sectionsthe heated air may travel in one direction and in another section it may travel in a reverse direction. This will depend considerably upon the character of the material being treated and the construction of the particular apparatus employed.

In the present instance, there are three tracks 9 extending through the drying chambers-of the apparatus and cars l0, having wheels such as shown in Fig. 5, travel on the rails of these tracks and the cars are so proportioned in reference to the spaces between the curtains that a certain number of cars can be located in each compartment between the curtains. In the drawings I have shown a comparatively Short apparatus in which there are four compartments, ibut it will be understood that the number of compartments may be increased without departing from the essential features of the invention.

The cars 10 are of such a length that they t between the curtains of the first compartment, while two cars fit between the curtains of the second compartment, as well as the curtains of the third compartment,

so that ywhen the cars are partments rwith the curtalns in place, z. e.,

A,space between the cars,

lowered,l the cars in one 'compartment are completely' isolated fromthose 1n another compartment. It is also essential, if there are -two or more cars in a compartment, that the cars-be placed close together so as to prevent currents of air passing through the action of the air will be equalized inpassin throu h the material carried b the cars.

Xtend-lng longitudinally between the rails of each of the tracks is a screw shaft 11 and on this shaft are the screws12, 13 and 14, in the present instance, spaced a ven distance apart. These screws are diferential, the pitch of the screws being greater toward the receiving end than at the delivery end.` The cars, as clearly shown in F ig`s.- 2 and 4, are so located in respect to the curtains that the steep pitched` portions i ofthe screws are at the curtains, and n each car is a depending pin 15, preferably having a roller 16 which is engaged by the-blades of the screw, and the-action is such that when the screw is turned the car 10c will be rapidly moved from under the partition'and will come in close contact with the car l()b and.

will push the car 10a until it is in the position shown in Fig. 4, between the two cil-rtains 3, and in this position the itwo cars 10c and 10b are close'together. On continungthe movement of the screw shaft 11 the .car 10c -will be moved forward, after the curtain has been raised, at a greater speed than the car 10b and this increased movement will 'cease when the cars are spaced a given distance apart, as `"between the cars 10 and 10d, Fig. 4. The cars will remain this distance apart so as to allow the curtain to be lowered between the two cars, the car 101l in l the meantime having caughtl up to the car 10b so as to close the space between the two Cars, and so that the currents of air are not forced through the space between the cars but through ythe material carried by the cars.

The screws are driven from the driving shaft 17 at one end of the machine. The detail of this particular construction is shown clearly in Figs. 6 to 9, inclusive, 18l

and 19 are the fast and 20 is the belt shifter, the device being belt driven, in the present instance. On the shaft is a clutch sleeve 21, which is actuated bya lever 22 so as to throw it into enga ement with the clutch face 23 on a tubu ar shaft 24 .through which .extends the shaft 17. On the tubular shaft .24 is a worm 25,

loose pulleys and thrown in motion will be imparted to the so thatA the drying which meshes with a wormwheel 26 on a shaft 27, and on this shaft 27 is a pinion 28 which meshes with a gear wheel 29 on a screw shaft 11, so that when the clutch 21 is screw shaft 11 and will move the carriages y in that particular part ;0f the drying chamber forward until the mechanism is stopped by the shifting of the belt. p

I-provide means for shifting the belt when a carriage comes to a given point in front of where the curtain will drop, thus insuring accuracy, as it will be understood that the mechanism is inclosed within what is practically a dark chamber. This mechanism consists, in the present instance, of a worm 30 on the main driving shaft 17, which meshes with a worm wheel 31 on a shaft 32, and on the .wheel 31 are pins 33, which are adapted to slots in the wheel and secure a disk 34 to said wheel. This disk. has a notch 35, and a roller 36 on a slide 37 'is adapted to enter vthis notch or toroll against the periphery of the disk 34. The slide 37 carries a shiter 20 and a spring 38 tends to draw the slide in towardthe shaft 32, so that the shifter will be normally in line with the pulley, as the mechanism is at rest except at the time when the cars are being shifted from one compartment to another.

39 is a lever pivoted at 40 and this leverl is for the urpose of moving the roller out of the note 35 in the disk sothat onv holding this lever until the notch passes the roller, the roller willrest a ainst the periphery of the disk, holding theelt shifter inline with the fast pulley, and this will hold the belt until the notch again comes in position in front of the roller, when the roller will be forced into the notch and the belt will be 105 shifted to the loose pulley and the mechanism will be stopped. The pin .15 -is mounted on a pivoted rocker 41 adapted to a bracket 42 on the under side of the frame of each car and the pivot of the rocker is ar- 110 ranged so that the rocker will swing laterally to avoid the bearings for the screw shaft. .I provide the first bearing,

itself of ,the bearings v48, which are located at intervals to support the screwshaft properly. In some instances, in place of the pivoted rocker shown in Fig. 5, a plunger 41a 125 may be used, as shown in Fig. 11, adapted to a cylinder or guide 42a, and on the plunger is the pin 15a carryin the roller 16% The operation is as fo lows z-I will de scribe this apparatus as used in connection'130 of differential screws spaced apart and ar-, ranged to engage thecars; and means for driving the screws so will be arranged' close together, will be separated.

but if there are three tracks,

through the material. The particular method of arranging the material will depend entirely upon its character. If, for instance, it is desired to dry bricks the bricks are placed'on the cars in suoli a manner that there are spaces between the bricks through which the air can pass. If, for instance, a car is loaded and is ready to enter the drying chamber and where there is a single track, then only one car at a time is moved, as shown in the drawings, then three cars will be loaded and will enter the drying chamber simultaneously. The curtains 3, 4 and 5 are raised and the mechanism is set in motion and the .screws move all of the cars that are iii the drying chamber forward, carrying the first car of the series outside of the drying chamber, while the next to last takes its place in the last compartment. This leaves the first compartment empty and the cars are moved into position so that their pins will engage the first screw. By making the screws differential the cars are separated at the curtains a' sufficient distance s o that the curtains can be lowered between the cars to divide' the drying chamber into a series of compartments, but in between the curtains,

where the compartment will hold two or more oars, the cars are brought close together by the screws so as currents passing through the space between the cars. and insuring the' proper distribution of air through the material loaded on the cars. The circulation ofvair, in the present instance, is transverse. One set of fans moves the air in one direction and another set moves it in the opposite direction. This arrangement of fans is common in certain types of drying chambers and, therefore, I have not described it in detail.

I claim 1. The combination in a drying apparatus, of a drying chamber; means' for circulating air therein; a series of cars arranged to travel through the chamber; and' a differential screw for moving the cars forward in the chamber.

2. The combination in drying apparatus, of a drying chamber; means for circulating air in the chamber; a track extending longitudinally through the chamber; a series of carsarranged to travel on the track; a series that certain of the cars while others to prevent the air 3. The combination in a drying apparatus, of a drying chamber separated into compartments by movable curtains; a track on which the cars carrying the material to be dried travel; a series of diHerential screws for driving the cars through the chamber, said differential screws being arranged in suoli relation to the position of thecurtains that the cars will be spaced apart at the curtains and will be arranged close together in the space between the curtains.

4. The combination ina drying apparatus, of a longitudinal drying chamber; lneans for circulating air transversly through the chamber; a series of movable curtains arranged -to divide the chamber into compartments, said compartments being of such a size as to receive ltwo or more ears; a track extending through the drying chamber; cars mounted on the track; pins on the cars; and a series of differential screws spaced apart and arranged to engage the pins on the cars, the screws being located in such position in reference to the curtains that the cars will be spaced apart at the curtains so as to allow the curtains to be lowei'ed to divide -the chamber into compartments and to allow the cars to move close together in the space between the curtains.

5. The combination in a drying apparatus, of a drying chamber for causing air currents to move transversely across the chamber; a series of curtains spaced apart and arranged to divide the chamber into compartments of asize to contain two or more cars; a track extending through the drying chamber; a'series of cars mounted on the track; a longitudinal shaft extending the length of the drying chamber; a series of differential screws on"the shaft; pins on the cars arranged to engage the screws; and means at one end of the drying chamber forl driving the shaft so that when the cars are moved forward they will be spaced apart at the curtains and will be close together between the curtains. p

6. The combination in a drying apparatus, of a drying chamber; a series of curtains spaced apart and arranged to divide the chamber into a series of compartments; means for circulating'air in the several compartments; a track extending through the chamber; a series of cars mounted on the track; a longitudinal shaft having a series of differential screws; a pin on each car arranged to engage the screws, the screws being located in such position that the oars will be spaced apart at the curtains, but will be close together between the curtains; a transverse shaft; means for driving the shaft; and automatic means for stopping the motion of the shaft when the cars areA moved a given distance.

7. vThe combinationin a drying apparatus, of a drying chamber;

heating chambers at each sidetof the drying chamber; circulating fans for circulating air through the drying chamber and the heating chambers; a series of vcurtains separating'the drying chamber into a series of compartments; a series of tracks extending throughout the length of the drying chamber; cars on each track; a shaft located in close proximity to each track, said shaft having differential screws thereon spaced apart and so located in reference to the curtains that when the -cars are propelled by the screws and stopped, the cars will be spaced apart at the each side of the drying chamber; circulating fans for circulating air through the drying chamber and the heating chambers; a series of curtains separating the drying chamber into compartments; a series of tracks eX-.

tending throughout the length of the drying chamber; a series of cars on each track; a shaft located in closel proximity to each track,said shaft having differential screws thereon spacedapartand so located in reference to the curtains that when the cars are propelled by the screws and stopped, the cars will be spaced apart at .the curtains so as to allow the curtains to be closed and will bearranged close together between the curtains so as to prevent currents of air passingl in the space between the curtains instead of through the material on the cars;

means for turning the screws in unison; means for automatically stopping the rotation of the screws .when the cars are in proper position in respect to the curtains;

and means for throwing any one of the cars into or out of engagement with the power shaft.

9. The combination in a drying apparatus, of a drying chamber; a series of .curtains dividing the chamber into compartments; a longitudinal track; a series of cars mounted on the track.; a longitudinal shaft; means for driving the shaft; a series of differential screws mounted on the shaft; pins on the cars arranged to be engaged by the screws,

said pins being pivotally mounted; and means for moving the pins to one sideso as .to clear the fixed mechanism carrying the shafts. l

10.l The combination in feeding means for traversing cars through a drying o'r steam appzratus, of a shaft having a differential screw thereon, the threads of the screw being a greater distance apart lat onel end thereof than at the other; and means on the car .I

for engaging the screw, the screw being, of fsuch a length lthat it will engage" two 'cars for a frlven distance so as to separate the cars and then will allow the rear car to move faster than the other, pushing the last mentioned car forward until engaged by another screw. c

ll. The combination in meansA for feedingcars through chambers,'of a screw sha-ft,

`a transverse driving shaft geared to the screw shaft; clutch mechanism for throwing the screw shaft into engagement with the driving shaft; means driven by'said driving shaft consisting of a notched disk; a shifter and a slide carrying the shifter and having a roller adapted to travel on the periphery of the disk and enter the notch therein; and

a sprmsz` for retracting the slide so that.

after the screw is turned a given number of revolutions the notch will collie opposlte the pin on the shifteiyallowing the shifter tomove fronrthe -fast to the loose pulley and to stop the rotation of the screw at the proper point.

lIn witness whereof I aiiix my signature.

HERMANN BOGATY. 

